Uterine fibroids affect many women worldwide. If you’re expecting a baby or planning to conceive, the presence of these benign tumours in the uterine wall can understandably raise concerns. But rest assured, this article will guide you through everything you need to know about the impact of fibroids on pregnancy and offer effective strategies to manage them.

You will learn about the causes, symptoms, and potential risks associated with uterine fibroids. We will also discuss medical and natural solutions to help you overcome these challenges while protecting your health and your baby’s well-being.

Causes of fibroids

Fibroids, also known as myomas, are benign tumours that develop in the uterine wall and sometimes near the cervix. Their location can influence certain symptoms. For example, fibroids situated near the cervix may lead to pain or unusual bleeding. But what causes them to form? Here are some common risk factors:

• Hormonal Factors: Oestrogen and progesterone encourage fibroid growth.
• Genetics: A family history of fibroids increases your risk.
• Lifestyle: A diet high in red meat and low in fruits and vegetables may be a contributing factor.
• Metabolic Health: Research shows that elevated insulin levels (linked to diabetes or poorly managed blood sugar) may play a role.

While the exact causes vary, understanding these factors can help you take control of your health.

Can you get pregnant with fibroids?

The short answer is yes—most women with fibroids can conceive. However, certain factors, such as the size, location, and type of fibroids, as well as the age at your first pregnancy, can influence your chances of conception and the course of pregnancy.

• Impact on fertility: Fibroids located near the uterine cavity or distorting its lining (e.g., submucosal fibroids) can make embryo implantation challenging.
• Potential complications: Some women may encounter miscarriages or difficulty with implantation.

If you’re planning to conceive, consult a healthcare professional to discuss potential fibroid treatment options before trying for a baby.

Symptoms of uterine fibroids during pregnancy

Common symptoms

During pregnancy, uterine fibroids may cause the following discomforts:

• Pelvic or lower abdominal pain.
• Abnormal bleeding outside your menstrual cycle.
• A constant feeling of abdominal pressure.
• Frequent urination due to pressure on the bladder.

Diagnosing fibroids

Medical imaging remains the key tool for identifying fibroids, which may include procedures like:

1. Abdominal or transvaginal ultrasound
2. MRI scans for complex cases

A healthcare professional will tailor your diagnosis and recommendations to your specific situation.

Fibroids and pregnancy risks

Risks for mothers

Some obstetric complications associated with fibroids during pregnancy include:

• Increased risk of aseptic necrobiosis, where the fibroid begins to degenerate, causing pain and inflammation.
• Higher likelihood of preterm delivery.
• Heavy bleeding during the first trimester or delivery.
• Greater risk of miscarriage, especially for women with large or multiple fibroids.

Risks for babies

Large fibroids may result in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), limiting the space available for the baby to grow.

Managing fibroids during pregnancy

Medical monitoring

Regular medical check-ups are essential. These include:

• Routine ultrasounds to assess fibroid size and progression.
• Evaluations for potential complications to adjust care accordingly.

Treatment options

• Typically, intramural or interstitial fibroids do not require constant intervention unless they cause complications.
• For severe cases, medical management, minimally invasive surgery, or fibroid removal may be necessary.

Labour and delivery with fibroids

Why do fibroids hurt during pregnancy?

Rapid uterine expansion during pregnancy can temporarily enlarge fibroids, causing discomfort and pain.

Delivery options

• A caesarean section may be recommended based on the fibroids’ location.
• However, many women with small fibroids or those treated minimally can opt for natural delivery.

Preparing for birth

Discuss delivery options, potential complications, and a personalised birth plan with your doctor.

Prevention and postpartum care

Prevention tips

• Follow a diet high in fibre and low in sugar to stabilise blood sugar levels.
• Ensure sufficient vitamin D intake through food, supplements, or controlled sun exposure.

Post-pregnancy care

After giving birth, you may still require follow-up care to monitor fibroid progression and consider surgical options if needed. Persistent symptoms may necessitate treatments like myomectomy or hysterectomy to improve overall quality of life.

When to consult a doctor

Look out for these warning signs during pregnancy or postpartum:

• Frequent or heavy bleeding.
• Severe lower abdominal pain.
• Reduced growth or unusual movements of the baby.

Early intervention helps reduce complications, so don’t hesitate to seek medical advice.

Natural solutions for managing uterine fibroids

Vitamin D for fibroid reduction

Research shows vitamin D can inhibit fibroid growth and even reduce tumour size with regular intake.

Blood sugar management

Maintaining stable insulin levels can help prevent fibroid growth. Avoid high-glycaemic foods to improve overall health.

Prioritise your wellbeing for a healthy pregnancy

Although fibroids may pose challenges, most women with them successfully carry their pregnancies to term without major complications. Ensure you’re working closely with healthcare professionals to safeguard your well-being and that of your baby.

Do you have more questions or need personalised guidance? Reach out to our experts for tailored support and achieve peace of mind during your pregnancy.